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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2022-4-208-218</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1403</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНИТЕТ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>IMMUNITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разнообразие новых российских сортов мягкой пшеницы по генам устойчивости к бурой ржавчине</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diversity of new Russian bread wheat cultivars according to leaf rust resistance genes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7948-0307</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гультяева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gultyaeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, доцент, ведущий научный сотрудник,</p><p>196608 Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Associate Professor, Leading Researcher, </p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eigultyaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3266-6272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайдаюк</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaydayuk</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, младший научный сотрудник, </p><p>196608 Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology) Associate Researcher, </p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eshaydayuk@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7961-4627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Веселова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Veselova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>бакалавр ЛГУ им. А.С. Пушкина, лаборант-исследователь, </p><p>196608 Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bachelor of the Pushkin Leningrad State University, Laboratory Research Assistant,</p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vika-veselova-2015@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3119-3453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Р. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>R. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> бакалавр ЛГУ им. Пушкина, лаборант-исследователь, </p><p>196608 Санкт-Петербург, Пушкин, ш. Подбельского, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bachelor of the Pushkin Leningrad State University, Laboratory Research Assistant,</p><p>3 Podbelskogo Hwy., Pushkin, St. Petersburg 196608</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">regina.smirnovaa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9259-4384</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зуев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zuev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, </p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher,</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e.zuev@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0481-8462</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимова</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimova</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник, </p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Biology), Leading Researcher,</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.hakimova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9171-2964</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митрофанова</surname><given-names>О. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitrofanova</surname><given-names>O. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, главный научный сотрудник, </p><p>190000 Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biology), Chief Researcher,</p><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.mitrofanova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растений</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И. Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resource</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>183</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>208</fpage><lpage>218</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гультяева Е.И., Шайдаюк Е.Л., Веселова В.В., Смирнова Р.Е., Зуев Е.В., Хакимова А.Г., Митрофанова О.П., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гультяева Е.И., Шайдаюк Е.Л., Веселова В.В., Смирнова Р.Е., Зуев Е.В., Хакимова А.Г., Митрофанова О.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gultyaeva E.I., Shaydayuk E.L., Veselova V.V., Smirnova R.E., Zuev E.V., Khakimova A.G., Mitrofanova O.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1403">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1403</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Возделывание устойчивых сортов – эффективный метод защиты пшеницы от бурой ржавчины. Цель работы – охарактеризовать ювенильную устойчивость к бурой ржавчине сортов мягкой пшеницы, включенных в Государственный реестр селекционных достижений в 2021 г., идентифицировать у них Lr-гены с использованием молекулярных маркеров.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Материал включал 18 сортов озимой и 9 яровой мягкой пшеницы. Устойчивость в фазе проростков оценивали с использованием двух тест-клонов (kLr9 и kLr19) и краснодарской популяции Puccinia triticina Erikss. Молекулярные маркеры использовали для идентификации 18 Lr-генов.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Высокий уровень устойчивости (балл 0 или 0;) показали сорта ‘Хамдан’, ‘Шарм’ и ‘Омская 44’; умеренный (балл 2, 2+) ‘Альбидум 2030’. Реакция сортов ‘Полина’, ‘Россыпь’, ‘Статус’, ‘Балкыш’ и ‘Богема’ варьировала. У изученных сортов не обнаружено ювенильных генов Lr9, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, Lr29, Lr41, Lr47, Lr66 и генов устойчивости взрослых растений – Lr21 и Lr35. У высокоустойчивого сорта ‘Шарм’ маркеры идентифицируемых генов не выявлены. У ‘Хамдан’ присутствует малоэффективный ген Lr10 и ген частичной устойчивости Lr34, которые не обеспечивают защиту в фазе проростков. По-видимому, эти сорта имеют дополнительные гены устойчивости. Устойчивость к бурой ржавчине сорта ‘Омская 44’ обеспечивается сочетанием генов Lr19, Lr26, Lr1 и Lr3. У сорта ‘Немчиновская 85’ определен частично эффективный ген устойчивости взрослых растений Lr37. У других изученных сортов широко представлены гены Lr1, Lr3, Lr10, Lr26 и Lr34. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Cultivation of resistant cultivars is an effective method of wheat protection against leaf rust. The purpose of this work was to characterize the juvenile leaf rust resistance of bread wheat cultivars listed in the State Register for Selection Achievements in 2021 and identify their Lr genes using molecular markers.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The material included 18 cultivars of winter bread wheat and nine spring ones. Juvenile resistance in the seedling phase was assessed with two test clones (kLr9 и kLr19) and the Krasnodar population of Puccinia triticina Erikss. Molecular markers were used to identify 18 Lr genes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. A high level of resistance (score 0 or 0;) was shown by cvs. ‘Khamdan’, ‘Sharm’ and ‘Omskaya 44’; moderate resistance (score 2, 2+) by ‘Albidum 2030’. Reactions of ‘Polina’, ‘Rossyp’, ‘Status’, ‘Balkysh’ and ‘Bogema’ were variable. The studied cultivars did not contain juvenile genes Lr9, Lr24, Lr25, Lr28, Lr29, Lr39, Lr47 or Lr66 and adult plant resistance genes Lr21 and Lr35. Markers of identifiable genes were not detected in cv. ‘Sharm’, highly resistant to leaf rust. ‘Khamdan’ had an ineffective Lr10 gene and a partial resistance gene Lr34, which offered no protection in the seedling stage. These cultivars seem to contain additional resistance genes. A high level of resistance to leaf rust in ‘Omskaya 44’ is provided by a combination of the Lr19, Lr26, Lr1 and Lr3 genes. In ‘Nemchinovskaya 85’, the partially effective adult plant resistance gene Lr37 was identified. In other tested cultivars, Lr1, Lr3, Lr10, Lr26 and Lr34 were widely represented. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Triticum aestivum</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>Lr-гены</kwd><kwd>молекулярные маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Triticum aestivum</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>Lr genes</kwd><kwd>molecular markers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Все фитопатологические и молекулярно-генетические исследования выполнены в рамках государственного задания по тематическому плану ВИЗР, проект FGEU-2022-0003 «Таксономическое, генетическое и экологическое разнообразие важнейших групп фитопатогенных грибов» (ЕГИСУ НИОКТР: 122032900152-7); в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № 0481-2022-0001 «Структурирование и раскрытие потенциала наследственной изменчивости мировой коллекции зерновых и крупяных культур ВИР для развития оптимизированного генбанка и рационального использования в селекции и растениеводстве»; коллекция мягкой пшеницы ВИР была пополнена образцами современных отечественных сортов и в ВИЗР передан семенной материал 9 яровых и 12 озимых сортов мягкой пшеницы.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">All phytophatological and molecular-genetic research was carried out in the framework of the state task delegated to the All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Protection (VIZR), Project FGEU-2022-0003 “Taxonomic, genetic and ecological diversity of the most important groups of phytopathogenic fungi” (registration No. 122032900152-7); within the framework of the state task according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. 0481-2022-0001 “Structuring and disclosing the potential of hereditary variation in the global collection of cereal and groat crops at VIR for the development of an optimized genebank and its sustainable utilization in plant breeding and crop production”; the bread wheat collection of VIR was enriched with accessions of modern domestic cultivars, and VIZR received seed materials of 9 spring and 12 winter bread wheat cultivars.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агроэкологический атлас России и сопредельных стран: экономически значимые растения, их вредители, болезни и сорные растения / под ред. 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