vir-nwТруды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекцииProceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding2227-88342619-0982N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources10.30901/2227-8834-2022-1-199-207vir-nw-1204Research ArticleИММУНИТЕТ КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙIMMUNITY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVESВыполненность соломины как важный фактор защиты пшеницы от хлебного пилильщика (Cephus pygmaeus L.)Stem solidness as an important factor for wheat protection from European wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmaeus L.) in Altaihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-6345ЛепеховС. Б.LepekhovS. B.

Сергей Борисович Лепехов, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

656910, Барнаул, Научный городок, 35

Sergey B. Lepekhov, Cand. Sci. (Agriculture), Leading Researcher

35 Nauchny Gorodok, Barnaul 656910

sergei.lepehov@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-9510ПетинВ. А.PetinV. A.

Вадим Андреевич Петин, младший научный сотрудник

656910, Барнаул, Научный городок, 35

Vadim A. Petin, Associate Researcher

35 Nauchny Gorodok, Barnaul 656910

999.source.z@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8799-0681ЧебатареваМ. В.ChebatarevaM. V.

Мария Васильевна Чебатарева, младший научный сотрудник

656910, Барнаул, Научный городок, 35

Maria V. Chebatareva, Associate Researcher

35 Nauchny Gorodok, Barnaul 656910

masha.vorotintseva@yandex.ruФедеральный Алтайский научный центр агробиотехнологийРоссияFederal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologiesRussian Federation2022190420221831199207Copyright © Лепехов С.Б., Петин В.А., Чебатарева М.В., 20222022Лепехов С.Б., Петин В.А., Чебатарева М.В.Lepekhov S.B., Petin V.A., Chebatareva M.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1204

Актуальность. Стеблевой хлебный пилильщик Cephus pygmaeus L. относится к серьезным вредителям пшеницы в Алтайском крае. Устойчивость растений-хозяев к этому насекомому основана на выполненности соломины. Влияние данного признака на заселенность стеблей личинками пилильщика и морфобиологические признаки яровой мягкой пшеницы в условиях Алтайского края не изучено.Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на опытном поле ФГБНУ «Федеральный Алтайский научный центр агробиотехнологий» в 2019–2021 гг. Индекс выполненности соломины оценен по 20-балльной шкале. Взаимосвязь выполненности соломины с заселенностью стеблей пшеницы личинками хлебного пилильщика изучена на 12 генотипах. Влияние выполненности соломины на морфобиологические признаки исследовано на шести парах сестринских линий. По индексу выполненности соломины изучено 100 сортов, по устойчивости к хлебному пилильщику – 184 сорта.Результаты. Коэффициент корреляции Спирмена между индексом выполненности соломины и заселенностью стеблей личинками хлебного пилильщика составил –0,77 в 2019 г. и –0,80 в 2020 г. Линии с выполненной соломиной в среднем за два года характеризовались меньшей высотой растения (–5 см), меньшей озерненностью одного колоска (–0,11 штук), массой 1000 зёрен (–1,7 г) и продуктивностью главного колоса (–0,08 г), но большей массой зерна побегов кущения (+0,11 г). Отрицательного влияния выполненности соломины на урожайность и качество зерна не выявлено. Обнаружено 11 сортов с индексом выполненности соломины > 15 баллов: ‘Ершовская 33’, ‘Изера’, ‘Квинтус’, ‘КВС Аквилон’, ‘Тибальт’, ‘Cunningham’, ‘KW 240-3-13’, ‘KBC 3.13’, ‘Lillian’, ‘Sparrow’, ‘WW-4’.Заключение. Выполненность соломины существенно снижает вред, наносимый стеблевым хлебным пилильщиком, и не сказывается отрицательно на урожайности и показателях качества зерна. Рекомендуется использовать выделенные сорта с выполненной соломиной в селекции пшеницы на устойчивость к хлебному пилильщику.

Background. European wheat stem sawfly (Cephus pygmaeus L.) is the main pest of wheat in Altai Territory, Russia. Resistance of host plants to this insect is based on a solid stem. The effect of a solid stem on the infestation of wheat stem sawfly larvae and on agronomic traits of spring bread wheat under the conditions of Altai Territory has not been studied.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the experimental field of the Federal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies, Barnaul, Russia, in 2019–2021. The index of stem solidness was assessed according to a 20 point scale. The interplay between stem solidness and wheat stem sawfly larvae infestation of wheat plants was studied on 12 genotypes. The effect of stem solidness on agronomic traits was studied on 6 pairs of sister lines. One hundred cultivars were studied for the stem solidness index and 184 cultivars were tested for their resistance to wheat stem sawfly.Results. Stem solidness negatively correlated with wheat stem sawfly infestation (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was rs  = –0.77 in 2019 and rs  = –0.80 in 2020). Sister lines with a solid stem had significantly shorter plant height (–5 cm), less kernels per spikelet (–0.11 kernels), 1000 grain weight (–1.7 g) and grain weight per spike (–0.08 g), but higher grain weight per tiller spike (+0.11 g), compared to sister lines with a hollow stem averaged over two years. Stem solidness had no negative effect on yield or grain quality. Eleven cultivars with a solid stem index higher than 15 points were identified (‘Ershovskaya 33’, ‘Izera’, ‘Kvintus’, ‘KWS Akvilon’, ‘Tybalt’, ‘Cunningham’, ‘KW 240-3-13’, ‘KWS 3.13’, ‘Lillian’, ‘Sparrow’, ‘WW-4’).Conclusion. Stem solidness significantly decreases the damage from wheat stem sawfly and has no negative effect on yield or gluten and protein content in grain. The abovementioned cultivars with a solid stem are recommended for use in breeding for resistance to wheat stem sawfly. 

урожайностькачество зернавредительустойчивостьселекцияyieldgrain qualitypestresistancebreedingработа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Федерального Алтайского научного центра агробиотехнологий 0534-2021-0003 «Использование молекулярно-генетических и биотехнологических методов исследований в селекции растений». Авторы выражают признательность бывшему младшему научному сотруднику молекулярно-генетической лаборатории ФГБНУ ФАНЦА Касаткиной Елизавете Сергеевне за значительный вклад при работе с растительным материалом. Авторы благодарят рецензентов за их вклад в экспертную оценку этой работы.the work was implemented within the framework of the Federal Altai Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies 0534-2021-0003 “The use of molecular genetics and biotechnological research methods in plant breeding”. The authors are grateful to Elizaveta S. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.