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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vir-nw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings on applied botany, genetics and breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2227-8834</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0982</issn><publisher><publisher-name>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30901/2227-8834-2021-3-101-110</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vir-nw-1034</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА КУЛЬТУРНЫХ РАСТЕНИЙ И ИХ ДИКИХ РОДИЧЕЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GENETICS OF CULTIVATED PLANTS AND THEIR WILD RELATIVES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Линии генетической коллекции подсолнечника ВИР, устойчивые к ложной мучнистой росе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Lines resistant to downy mildew in the sunflower genetic collection at VIR</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8110-9168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилова</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilova</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.gavrilova@vir.nw.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ступникова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stupnikova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Л. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>L. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5531-2728</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алпатьева</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alpatieva</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8384-5134</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карабицина</surname><given-names>Ю. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karabitsina</surname><given-names>Yu. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-1286</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0474-8860</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000 Россия, г. Санкт-Петербург, ул. Б. Морская, 42, 44</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>42, 44 Bolshaya Morskaya Street, St. Petersburg 190000, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений имени Н.И.Вавилова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>182</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>110</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаврилова В.А., Ступникова Т.Г., Макарова Л.Г., Алпатьева Н.В., Карабицина Ю.И., Кузнецова Е.Б., Анисимова И.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаврилова В.А., Ступникова Т.Г., Макарова Л.Г., Алпатьева Н.В., Карабицина Ю.И., Кузнецова Е.Б., Анисимова И.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrilova V.A., Stupnikova T.G., Makarova L.G., Alpatieva N.V., Karabitsina Y.I., Kuznetsova E.B., Anisimova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1034">https://elpub.vir.nw.ru/jour/article/view/1034</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Ложная мучнистая роса (ЛМР), вызываемая грибом Plasmopara halstedii (Farl) Berl. &amp; De Toni, – одно из самых вредоносных заболеваний подсолнечника (Helianthus annuus L.). Ежегодно из-за поражения патогеном теряется от 30 до 70% урожая семян. Создание линий, устойчивых к новым расам возбудителя, необходимо для селекции промышленных гибридов подсолнечника.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В 2016–2018 гг. оценивали по устойчивости к ЛМР в полевых условиях Кубанской опытной станции – филиала ВИР 323 линии и 10 сортов коллекции подсолнечника. Контролем служила линия ВИР 845, поражаемая ЛМР во все годы наблюдений. Для идентификации генов устойчивости провели молекулярный анализ с использованием диагностических маркеров генов Plarg, Pl6 и Pl8, детерминирующих устойчивость к большинству известных рас P. halstedii.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Сорта – родоначальники линий ВИР оказались неустойчивы в той или иной степени. Выявлены 39 линий, устойчивых в 2016 и 2018 г., из них 36 были поражены в 2017 г. Предполагается, что в 2017 г. имела распространение другая раса P. halstedii по сравнению с расами, преобладавшими в 2016 и 2018 г., в связи с чем гены, определявшие устойчивость в 2016 и 2018 г., оказались неэффективными. Линии ТА 716-18, ВИР 768, ВИР 800, полученные из межвидовых гибридов, демонстрировали отсутствие поражения в течение трех лет испытания. У большинства линий, показавших устойчивость в 2016 и 2018 г., детектированы маркеры генов Plarg, Pl6 и Pl8. У линий ВИР 768 и ВИР 800 маркеры отсутствовали, у ТА 716-18 обнаружены маркеры генов Plarg и Pl8.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В результате многолетнего исследования создана признаковая коллекция подсолнечника, включающая генотипированные линии с различными генами устойчивости к ЛМР. Линии ТА 716-18, ВИР 768 и ВИР 800 высокоустойчивы к патогену и, по-видимому, несут новые гены/аллели устойчивости, интрогрессированные от дикого вида.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Downy mildew (DM) caused by the fungus Plasmopara halstedii (Farl) Berl. &amp; De Toni) is one of the most harmful diseases of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Due to the pathogen’s attacks, annual seed harvest losses range between 30% and 70%. Lines resistant to new races of the pathogen should be obtained for the development of commercial sunflower hybrids.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Downy mildew resistance of 323 lines and 10 cultivars from the sunflower collection was assessed in the field at the Kuban Experiment Station of VIR in 2017–2018. Line VIR 845, susceptible during all years of observations, was used as a control. Resistance genes were identified by means of the molecular analysis using diagnostic markers of the Plarg, Pl6 and Pl8 genes that confer resistance to many known P. halstedii races.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The founder varieties of VIR’s lines were susceptible to a varying extent. Thirty-nine lines were resistant in 2016 and 2018; among those, 36 lines were susceptible in 2017. Presumably, a more virulent P. halstedii race became widespread in 2017, compared to the races that prevailed in 2016 and 2018, so the genes that determined resistance in 2016 and 2018 turned out to be ineffective. Lines ТА 716-18, VIR 768, and VIR 800, having originated from interspecific hybrids, exhibited absence of pathogenic damage during 3 years of the trials. Molecular markers of the Plarg, Pl6 and Pl8 genes were detected in most lines that demonstrated resistance in 2016 and 2018. There were no markers in lines VIR 768 and VIR 800, whereas in ТА 716-18 the markers of Plarg and Pl8 were present.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. As a result of the long-term studies, a trait-specific genetic collection was established for sunflower. It comprises genotyped lines with various effective DM resistance genes. Lines ТА 716-18, VIR 768 and VIR 800 appeared highly resistant to the pathogen and probably possess new resistance genes/alleles introgressed from wild species.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Helianthus annuus</kwd><kwd>генетические ресурсы</kwd><kwd>Plasmopara halstedii</kwd><kwd>расы</kwd><kwd>гены устойчивости</kwd><kwd>молекулярные маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Helianthus annuus</kwd><kwd>genetic resources</kwd><kwd>Plasmopara halstedii</kwd><kwd>races</kwd><kwd>resistance genes</kwd><kwd>molecular markers</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания согласно тематическому плану ВИР по проекту № 0662-2019-0001 «Коллекция масличных и прядильных культур ВИР: Изучение и расширение генетического разнообразия».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was performed within the framework of the State Task according to the theme plan of VIR, Project No. 0662- 2019-0001 “The collection of oil and fiber crops at VIR: maintenance, study, and genetic diversity expansion”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Chaarani G.R., Roustaee A.M., Gentzbittel L., Mokrani L., Barrault G., Dechamp-Guillaume G. et al. 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